Dear @drekko,
Welcome to the Wefugees Community and thank you for reaching out to us.
Unfortunately, I am not familiar at all with the marriage requirements in Poland/or for Polish citizens. However, the only document that I can think of as a proof for your legal status as an asylum seeker (you are still in the procedure, right?) is the so-called "Aufenthaltsgestattung". Are you currently holding one? Sometimes, authorities issue papers like "Ankunftsnachweis" if the asylum application is not formally submitted (yet).
Maybe other community members can share more experience or details. For general information on the marriage procedure in Germany (including the required documents), you may check our blog on this topic.
In any case, please don't hesitate to get back to us with any fruther questions.
All the best,
Meike