Hi @MM
The new residence permit 16g is possible since March 1st of this year. Up until then, people with a Duldung who do an Ausbildung could only get the special temporary status of Ausbildungsduldung. This status continues to be an option but under certain circumstances, a regular permit 16g is also possible. With 16g a person can travel to other countries.
The main difference between an Ausbildungsduldung and 16g is that to get 16g a person must have a passport and be able to show they can support themselves financially. It is possible to get the state support BAB (Berufsausbildungsbeihilfe) to show financial security. BAB is for dual Ausbildung, where a person learns in a school and at a company. For people doing a school Ausbildung, it is not possible to get state support such as Bafög. With 16g a person can work part-time up to 20 hours a week which can also be used to show financial security.
If you wish to get 16g, you have to make an application with your Ausländerbehörde.
The time spent with 16g will count towards citizenship. The time spent with an Ausbildungsduldung does not.
Best,
Éanna