Dear @Denny28,
Thank you for sharing your question with the Wefugee Community!
As far as I know, and on this website it is also described (https://service.berlin.de/dienstleistung/325471/en/), the authorities will issue the grey passport according to your residence permit and it’s validity. So if your residence permit is valid for one year it’s also normal that the grey passport is valid for the same period (for now). So your friends with subsidiary protection might have been really lucky and maybe benefited from a lack of knowledge of the people issuing it ;-)
Feel free to get back to us with any further questions.
All the best,
Meike