If you are currently under the Dublin Regulation, your case may require you to be transferred to France, as it is responsible for processing your asylum claim. However, if you have serious health conditions that prevent you from traveling, you may be able to request an exemption or postponement of this transfer.
Since you have been receiving a normal Aufenthaltsgestattung (temporary residence permit) that has been renewed three times, it is unlikely that you would be deported while undergoing medical treatment. You can argue that your health condition, which prevents you from traveling, is a valid reason for staying in Germany.
You are currently receiving medical care for serious health issues, including surgery and ongoing treatment, which can be used to support your case. You should gather medical documentation from your doctors to present to the authorities to demonstrate your need for treatment.
If you think that the deportation is imminent, and you cannot travel due to your health condition, you can make a legal argument based on medical grounds. A lawyer will help you assess your chances and present the best possible case to the authorities.